Crushing and pulverizing machine



N. A. STRATTN.

, CRUSHING AND PULVERIZING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I5. 1919.

Patented Sept. 28, 1920.

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NATHlmL @F BGTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Application med september l5, i919.

.To ai? whom t may concern Be il, known that l, NATHANIEL STRAT- ToN, citizen of the United States7 residing Boston, in the county of'SuEoll and State of Massachusetts,V have invented new and useful linproveinents in Crushing and Ful# verizing Machines, ot' which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates chiey to a machine for crushing and pulverizing metal-bearing ores and other analogous material by the conjoint action of two ,crushing-jaws, one f of which is power-driven- The object oli the invention is to provide a niachine, the .power-driven jaw ot whichA is inoved pro gressively in a continuous circular path, so that the machine is adapted to operate continuously and more rapidly than a machine5 the power-driven jaw of which has a reciprocating motion. The invention is einbodied in the improvements which l will now proceed to describe and claiin.

@ie-the accompanying drawings, 'forming a part of this application,-

Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2--2 ot Fig. 1g

/ parts loeing broken away.

The saine reference characters indicate the same parts in all ot the iigures.

lin the drawings7 12 represents av hollow pedestal forming the chief portion oi the base of the machine. 13 represents a horizontal bottom plate fixed to the upper portion oit the pedestal and forming another portion ci the base. 'lhe plate has a central opening 143 the wall oi whichis recessed to torni a ball race portion 15 containing a circular series of balls 16, which are coniined against vertical displacement by y confining ring 17 screwed to the plate 13.

The balls 16 collectively constitute an annular antifrictional iulcruin on which a lever is adapted to swing or oscillate universally to a limited extent. Said lever js composed of a longer arm 18 below the ulcruin and a shorter arm 19 above the fulcrum, the line of demarcation between said arms being anannular shoulder 20, which is the portion of the lever contacting with the annular fulcruin.

The shorter arm 19, which may be of any suitable metal, such as chrome steel, is truste-conical and constitutes a crushing' jaw to which swinging and revolving Inoveinents are imparted, through the longer arm Specification of Letters Eatent.

GlEtUSHNG 31H19 TPULVRIEENG MACHNE Patented eptt 289 192th Serial No. S?.

18 by a driving member 2l, which rotates on a Center 22 coaxial with the annular tulcruni ln other words, the axis et the niem- .oer 2l, if prolonged,l would pass through the center ci the space surrounded by "the balls 16. The member 21 has an eccentrically arranged socket 23, which receives the lower end or the longer arm' 18. Said niember preferably 'secured by bolts 24: to hub ot a pulley 25 journaled to ro een a iixedstud forming the center Jove mentioned, the pulley `icoing rotated by a driving belt 26.

27 represents an annular jaw7 of chrome steel, surrounding the conical jaw 19 and secured to the hase of chine in such manner that while it is norinally coaxial with the driving member 21 and with the annular tulcrunn it is niovable laterally with relation to the conical jaw. The annular jaw 27 is yieldingly held in its normal position by radial springs 2 supported by fixed ahutnlents 3G on the has and segmental brake shoes pressed said springs against the annular jaw.

The springs 29 and slices 31 are coniined against upward displacement by a top plate 32 secured to the pedestal by bolts 33, said bolts passing through 7alspqacing1 resting on tneoottorn plate 13 ana forming a part ot the base said spacing1 plate hav'- a central opening and slots radiating; therefrom, the out/er ends of which foins the spring abutnients 3G, and a central openn ing containing the shoes 81. The annular jaw 27 is vertically adjustable isV provided at its upper end with ears 36a having bearing screws 37 resting on a horizontal annular upwardly facing seat 38 on the top end of the annular jaw 2? and permitting horizontal yielding movements of said jaw and preventing materia-l in the hopper from entering the spaces or crevices outside the annular Said annulus is preferably ot ilexihle material, so that it is apt to contorni freely to horizontal mover-nent of the annular jaw, a suitable material being sheet preferably 1' lead. The annulus may be clamped between a ring 42 and a shoulder formed on the hopper, the ring being attached to the hopper by screws 43. The ring and annulus may be detached from the hopper to permit access to the adjusting screws 37.

A tapering annular materialreceiving throat 44 is formed by the external surface of the conical jaw and the internal surface of the annular jaw. Material falling into this throat from the hopper is crushed and pulverized by the two jaws. The jaw 19 is moved progressively in a continuous circular path by the action ofthe driving member 21 on the longer arm 18` the movement of the jaw being such that the throat`44 is progressively contracted by the movements of the conical jaw, said movements causing the jaw to successively assume the dilerent positionsshown by full and dotted lines in Fig. 1. The action is continuous and' the material is thoroughly pulverized when it reaches the lower end of the throat 44. The pulverized material passes through outlets 46 in the plate 13, to an inclined chute 47 extending through one side of the pedestal l2. The chute has an opening 48 through which the lever arm 18 passes, and an upwardly projecting sleeve 49 formed to prevent the falling material from entering the opening 48.

The object of the lateral yielding movement of the annular aw is to prevent excessive strain on the two jaws when relatively large pieces are being crushed. A large piece wedged in the crescent-shaped space between the jaws transmits movement from the gyrating conical jaw to the annular jaw, causing the latter to yield. The segmental brake shoes 31 have extended frictional contact with the external surface or periphery of the annular jaw and prevent the latter from turning, while permitting it to yield in a rectilinear direction. lf a turning movement of the annular jaw were permitted, a relatively large piece wedged between the surfaces of the jaws would be carried around with the gyrating conical jaw without being crushed. The vertical adjustability of the annular jaw enables the fineness of the pulverization to be varied.

I claim:

1. A crushing machine comprising a base having a central annular fulcrum and fixed spring abutments spaced outwardly from said fulcrum,l a lever adapted to oscillate universally on said fulcrum and having` below the fulcrum, `a longer arm, and, above the fulcrum, a shorter conical arm constituting a conical crushing jaw, an annular crushing jaw surrounding the conical jaw, and adapted to slide horizontally on the base in any direction, saidjaws forming a tapering annular throat, means for gyrating said lever on its annular fulcrum to cause a progressive contraction of said throat, springs radiating from the annular jaw and seated at their outer ends on said abutments, and segmental brake shoes pressed by said springs against the external surface of the annular jaw, said springs and brake shoes permitting horizontal rectilinear yielding movements of the annular jaw, and preventing a turning movement of the annular jaw by force transmitted from the gyrating conical jaw through material wedged in said throat.

2. A crushing machine comprising a base having a central` annular fulcrum, fixed spring abutments spaced outwardly from said fulcrum, and a horizontal upwardly facing annular seat concentric with said fulcrum; a lever adapted to oscillate universally on said fulcrum and having a longer arm below the ulcrum and a conical shorter arm above the fulcrum, constituting a conical crushing jaw, an annular crushing jaw. surrounding the conical jaw and surrounded by said seat, the annular jaw being provided with bearing members which are slidable horizontally on said seat and are vertically adjustable to vary the height of the annular jaw relative to the corneal jaw, said jaws forming a tapering annular throat, means for gyrating said lever on 4its annular fulcrum,l to cause a progressive contraction of said throat, springs radiating from the annular jaw and seated at their outer ends on said abutments, said springs permitting horizontal rectilinear yielding movements of the annular jaw, an annular hopper iixed to the base and provided with a flexible funnel-shaped annulus, detachably secured at its upper edge to the hopper, 4and constituting an extension of the guiding surface of the hopper, the lower edge of said annulus overlapping and bearing loosely on the outer end of the annular jaw, so that, said jaw is in sliding contact with the annulus and receives material guided by the latter in any position to which said jaw is movable, the detachability of the annulus from the hopper'permitting the displacement of the annulus to-permit access to and adjustment of the said bearing members.

3. A crushing machine comprising a base including a fixed plate having a central opening, the wall of which is recessed to form a ball race portion containing a circular series of balls constituting an antifrictional annular fulcrum, said plate being also Vprovided with a conlining ring projecting over said balls, the base being provided with fixed spring abutments spaced outwardly from said ulcrum, a lever having an annular shoulder partly overhanging the fulcrum formed by said balls and supported thereby, said lever having a longer arm below said shoulder, and a shorter conical arm is@ above V the shoulder constituting a conical crushing jaw, an annular crushing jaw surrounding the conical jaw and adapted to slide horizontally on the base in any direction, said jaws forming a tapering annular throat, means for gyrating said lever on its fulcrum to cause a progressive contraction of said throat, and radial springs interposed between said abutments and the annular jaw and normally maintaining said jaw in a central position from which it is adapted to yield horizontally.

4. A crushing machine comprising a base including a hollow pedestal, a horizontal bottom plate xed to the upper end of the pedestal, and provided with a central opening, the ,wall o which is recessed to form va ball race portion containing a circular series of balls constituting an anti-frictional annular fulcrum, said plate being also provided with a confining ring projecting over said balls, a fixed spacing plate superimposed on said bottom plate and provided with a central opening and slots radiating therefrom and providing spring abutments, and a fixed top plate superimposed on the spacing plate and provided with a central opening, an annular crushing jaw adapted to slide horizontally on said top plate, and located in the openings of the top plate and spacing plate, radial springs located in the slots of the spacing plate and normally maintaining the annular jaw in a central position from which it is adapted to yield horizontally, a lever having an annular shoulder partly overhanging the fulcrum formed by said balls and supported thereby, said lever having a longer arm below said shoulder, and a shorter conical arm above the shoulder constituting a conical crushing jaw which is surrounded by the annular jaw and means for gyrating said lever on its annular fulcrum.

In testimony whereof I have aiiiXed my signature.

NATHANIEL A. STRATTON. 

